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What is Security Testing?Security Testing is a type of Software Testing that uncovers vulnerabilities, threats, risks in a software application and prevents malicious attacks from intruders. The purpose of Security Tests is to identify all possible loopholes and weaknesses of the software system which might result in a loss of information, revenue, repute at the hands of the employees or outsiders of the Organization.
Why Security Testing is Important?
The main goal of Security Testing is to identify the threats in the system and measure its potential vulnerabilities, so the threats can be encountered and the system does not stop functioning or can not be exploited. It also helps in detecting all possible security risks in the system and helps developers to fix the problems through coding.
Types of Security Testing in Software Testing
Vulnerability Scanning: This is done through automated software to scan a system against known vulnerability signatures.
Security Scanning: It involves identifying network and system weaknesses, and later provides solutions for reducing these risks. This scanning can be performed for both Manual and Automated scanning.
Penetration testing: This kind of testing simulates an attack from a malicious hacker. This testing involves analysis of a particular system to check for potential vulnerabilities to an external hacking attempt.
Risk Assessment: This testing involves analysis of security risks observed in the organization. Risks are classified as Low, Medium and High. This testing recommends controls and measures to reduce the risk.
Security Auditing: This is an internal inspection of Applications and Operating systems for security flaws. An audit can also be done via line by line inspection of code
Ethical hacking: It’s hacking an Organization Software systems. Unlike malicious hackers, who steal for their own gains, the intent is to expose security flaws in the system.
Posture Assessment: This combines Security scanning, Ethical Hacking and Risk Assessments to show an overall security posture of an organization.
How to do Security TestingIt is always agreed, that cost will be more if we postpone security testing after software implementation phase or after deployment. So, it is necessary to involve security testing in the SDLC life cycle in the earlier phases.
Let’s look into the corresponding Security processes to be adopted for every phase in SDLC
SDLC Phases Security Processes
Requirements Security analysis for requirements and check abuse/misuse cases
Design Security risks analysis for designing. Development of Test Plan including security tests
Coding and Unit Testing Static and Dynamic Testing and Security White Box Testing
Integration Testing Black Box Testing
System Testing Black Box Testing and Vulnerability scanning
Implementation Penetration Testing, Vulnerability Scanning
Support Impact analysis of Patches
The test plan should include
Security-related test cases or scenarios
Test Data related to security testing
Test Tools required for security testing
Analysis of various tests outputs from different security tools
Example Test Scenarios for Security TestingThe test plan should include
Sample Test scenarios to give you a glimpse of security test cases –
A password should be in encrypted format
Application or System should not allow invalid users
Check cookies and session time for application
For financial sites, the Browser back button should not work.
Methodologies/ Approach / Techniques for Security TestingIn security testing, different methodologies are followed, and they are as follows:
Tiger Box: This hacking is usually done on a laptop which has a collection of OSs and hacking tools. This testing helps penetration testers and security testers to conduct vulnerabilities assessment and attacks.
Black Box: Tester is authorized to do testing on everything about the network topology and the technology.
Grey Box: Partial information is given to the tester about the system, and it is a hybrid of white and black box models.
Security Testing Roles
Hackers – Access computer system or network without authorization
Crackers – Break into the systems to steal or destroy data
Ethical Hacker – Performs most of the breaking activities but with permission from the owner
Script Kiddies or packet monkeys – Inexperienced Hackers with programming language skill
Security Testing ToolsIntuitive and easy to use, Acunetix by Invicti helps small to medium-sized organizations ensure their web applications are secure from costly data breaches. It does so by detecting a wide range of web security issues and helping security and development professionals act fast to resolve them.
Features:
Advanced scanning for 7,000+ web vulnerabilities, including OWASP Top 10 such as SQLi and XSS
Automated web asset discovery for identifying abandoned or forgotten websites
Advanced crawler for the most complex web applications, incl. multi-form and password-protected areas
Combined interactive and dynamic application security testing to discover vulnerabilities other tools miss
Proof of exploit provided for many types of vulnerabilities
DevOps automation through integrations with popular issue tracking and CI/CD tools
Compliance reporting for regulatory standards, such as PCI DSS, NIST, HIPAA, ISO 27001, and more.
Intruder is a powerful, automated penetration testing tool that discovers security weaknesses across your IT environment. Offering industry-leading security checks, continuous monitoring and an easy-to-use platform, Intruder keeps businesses of all sizes safe from hackers.
Features:
Best-in-class threat coverage with over 10,000 security checks
Checks for configuration weaknesses, missing patches, application weaknesses (such as SQL injection & cross-site scripting) and more
Automatic analysis and prioritisation of scan results
Intuitive interface, quick to set-up and run your first scans
Proactive security monitoring for the latest vulnerabilities
AWS, Azure and Google Cloud connectors
API integration with your CI/CD pipeline
3) OwaspThe Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) is a worldwide non-profit organization focused on improving the security of software. The project has multiple tools to pen test various software environments and protocols. Flagship tools of the project include
4) WireSharkWireshark is a network analysis tool previously known as Ethereal. It captures packet in real time and display them in human readable format. Basically, it is a network packet analyzer- which provides the minute details about your network protocols, decryption, packet information, etc. It is an open source and can be used on Linux, Windows, OS X, Solaris, NetBSD, FreeBSD and many other systems. The information that is retrieved via this tool can be viewed through a GUI or the TTY mode TShark Utility.
5) W3afw3af is a web application attack and audit framework. It has three types of plugins; discovery, audit and attack that communicate with each other for any vulnerabilities in site, for example a discovery plugin in w3af looks for different url’s to test for vulnerabilities and forward it to the audit plugin which then uses these URL’s to search for vulnerabilities.
Myths and Facts of Security TestingLet’s talk about an interesting topic on Myths and facts of security testing:
Myth #1 We don’t need a security policy as we have a small business
Fact: Everyone and every company need a security policy
Myth #2 There is no return on investment in security testing
Fact: Security Testing can point out areas for improvement that can improve efficiency and reduce downtime, enabling maximum throughput.
Myth #3: Only way to secure is to unplug it.
Fact: The only and the best way to secure an organization is to find “Perfect Security”. Perfect security can be achieved by performing a posture assessment and compare with business, legal and industry justifications.
Myth #4: The Internet isn’t safe. I will purchase software or hardware to safeguard the system and save the business.
Fact: One of the biggest problems is to purchase software and hardware for security. Instead, the organization should understand security first and then apply it.
Conclusion:Security testing is the most important testing for an application and checks whether confidential data stays confidential. In this type of testing, tester plays a role of the attacker and play around the system to find security-related bugs. Security Testing is very important in Software Engineering to protect data by all means.
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